1. The concept of ‘Biophilia’, which suggests humans’ innate connection to nature, was introduced by:

(a) John Snow

(b) Rachel Carson

(c) E.O. Wilson

(d) Alice Hamilton

(e) Edwin Chadwick

2. The book “Silent Spring,” which raised awareness about the environmental impact of DDT, was written by:

(a) John Graunt

(b) Rachel Carson

(c) E.O. Wilson

(d) Alice Hamilton

(e) Edwin Chadwick

3. The modern environmental justice movement primarily focuses on:

(a) Promoting economic growth

(b) Eliminating disparities in environmental burdens

(c) Increasing industrialization

(d) Expanding urban areas

(e) Reducing global population

4. Which of the following is NOT a major domain of environmental health?

(a) Air quality

(b) Water quality

(c) Food protection

(d) Genetic engineering

(e) Radiation protection

5. The concept of ‘Carrying Capacity’ refers to:

(a) The amount of waste an ecosystem can absorb

(b) The number of species in an ecosystem

(c) The maximum population an environment can sustainably support

(d) The rate of resource depletion

(e) The level of pollution in an environment

6. The WHO defines environmental health as those aspects of human health determined by:

(a) Genetic factors

(b) Physical, chemical, biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the environment

(c) Economic factors

(d) Political factors

(e) Cultural factors

7. The equation EI = PT represents:

(a) The rate of population growth

(b) The level of biodiversity loss

(c) The environmental impact of population and industrialization

(d) The carrying capacity of an ecosystem

(e) The rate of climate change

8. Which of the following is a renewable resource?

(a) Coal

(b) Oil

(c) Natural gas

(d) Solar energy

(e) Nuclear energy

9. The primary focus of ‘Ecohealth’ is:

(a) Economic development

(b) Social justice

(c) Integrating ecology with human health

(d) Technological advancement

(e) Political stability

10. The Industrial Revolution led to significant advancements in:

(a) Agriculture

(b) Manufacturing

(c) Healthcare

(d) Education

(e) Transportation

11. ‘Sustainability’ is defined as:

(a) Maximizing economic growth

(b) Exploiting natural resources

(c) Meeting present needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

(d) Increasing industrialization

(e) Expanding urban areas

12. The report “Sanitary Conditions of the Laboring Population” highlighted the link between:

(a) Overcrowding, impure water, and health

(b) Industrialization and economic growth

(c) Education and social mobility

(d) Technology and environmental degradation

(e) Globalization and cultural exchange

13. The London Cholera Outbreak in 1854 was investigated by:

(a) John Graunt

(b) Rachel Carson

(c) E.O. Wilson

(d) John Snow

(e) Edwin Chadwick

14. The book “Industrial Poisons in the United States” was authored by:

(a) John Graunt

(b) Rachel Carson

(c) E.O. Wilson

(d) Alice Hamilton

(e) Edwin Chadwick

15. Which of the following is NOT an emerging issue in environmental health?

(a) Climate change

(b) Urbanization

(c) Energy use

(d) Industrialization

(e) Food stresses

16. According to the WHO, approximately what percentage of global deaths are attributed to environmental factors?

(a) 5%

(b) 10%

(c) 15%

(d) 20%

(e) 25%

17. In 2012, the WHO estimated that around how many people died as a result of air pollution exposure?

(a) 3 million

(b) 5 million

(c) 7 million

(d) 9 million

(e) 11 million

18. Approximately how many infants die each year in developing countries due to diarrhea caused by contaminated food and water?

(a) 1 million

(b) 2 million

(c) 3 million

(d) 4 million

(e) 5 million

19. The “Factory Act” was passed in the UK in which year?

(a) 1733

(b) 1783

(c) 1833

(d) 1883

(e) 1933

20. The “Mines Act” was passed in the UK in which year?

(a) 1832

(b) 1842

(c) 1852

(d) 1862

(e) 1872

21. John Graunt’s “Natural and Political Observations Upon the Bills of Mortality” was published in which year?

(a) 1562

(b) 1662

(c) 1762

(d) 1862

(e) 1962

22. Rachel Carson’s “Silent Spring” was published in which year?

(a) 1942

(b) 1952

(c) 1962

(d) 1972

(e) 1982

23. Around how many people are infected with Malaria each year?

(a) 167 million

(b) 267 million

(c) 367 million

(d) 467 million

(e) 567 million

24. How many premature deaths annually are linked to air pollution according to WHO?

(a) 3 million

(b) 5 million

(c) 7 million

(d) 9 million

(e) 11 million

25. How many people die from Malaria each year?

(a) 0.5 million

(b) 1 million

(c) 1.5 million

(d) 2 million

(e) 2.5 million