Tuberculosis

Definition:

An infectious and communicable disease, acid fast, gram positive disease, it usually involves in the lungs but it also occurs in the any organ of the body.

Etiology:

  1. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis
  2. Clinical features:
  3. In early stage, asymptotic
  4. Fatigue
  5. Malaise
  6. Anorexia
  7. Weight loss
  8. Low grade fever
  9. Night sweats
  10. Chest pain
  11. Haemoptysis
  12. Chills

Investigations:

  1. Mantox test
  2. Chest X-ray
  3. CBC

Complications:

  1. Milliary tuberculosis
  2. Pleural effusion
  3. TB Pneumonia
  4. Respiratory failure
  5. Hypo-volumic shock
  6. Pleurisy

Medical Management:

  1. Bineekly treatment
o Isoniazid INH 15mg/kg
o Rifampicin 100mg/kg
o Streptomycin Inj: 25-30/kg
o Pyrazinamide 5-mg/kg

Nursing Management:

  1. To improve air-way maintains
  2. Inhalation should be given to liquefy sputum
  3. Sputum should be collected in early morning for Mantox test
  4. Patient should be isolated
  5. Advised for fluid intake & high protein diet as Carbohydrates

Patient should be encouraged for personal hygiene.

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