1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of global health issues?
a) Affects many countries across the globe
b) Interventions are global
c) Determinants include transnational determinants
d) Focuses on health issues of countries other than one’s own
e) Global epidemic infectious diseases include dengue, influenza A (H5N1), and HIV
2. Which of the following is NOT an example of a global health issue?
a) Tobacco control
b) Micronutrient deficiencies
c) Obesity
d) Injury prevention
e) Malaria control in a specific country
3. Which of the following is a transnational determinant of global health?
a) Climate change
b) Urbanization
c) Infectious diseases
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
4. Which of the following is NOT a global epidemic infectious disease?
a) Dengue
b) Influenza A (H5N1)
c) HIV
d) Malaria
e) Common cold
5. Which of the following is a major issue with global impact due to the expansion of the global
food chain?
a) Foodborne illnesses
b) Antimicrobial resistance
c) Food insecurity
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
6. Which of the following focuses on health issues of countries other than one’s own, especially
those of low and middle income?
a) Global health
b) International health
c) Public health
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
7. Which of the following mainly focuses on prevention?
a) Global health
b) International health
c) Public health
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
8. Which of the following encourages multidisciplinary approaches, particularly within health
science and with social sciences?
a) Global health
b) International health
c) Public health
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
9. Which of the following defines global governance as the sum of the many ways individuals and institutions, public and private, manage their common affairs?
a) World Health Organization (WHO)
b) United Nations (UN)
c) World Bank
d) International Monetary Fund (IMF)
e) United Nations Commission on Global Governance
10. Which of the following is NOT a member of the Global Health Governance (GHG)?
a) State actors (e.g., World Health Organization)
b) Non-state actors (e.g., International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers)
c) Both state and non-state actors (e.g., Global Fund to Fight HIV/AIDS, Malaria and
Tuberculosis)
d) Individual citizens
e) All of the above are members of GHG
11. Which of the following is NOT a challenge in Global Health Governance (GHG)?
a) Donor priorities
b) Duplication of efforts
c) Ineffective aid
d) Lack of funding
e) All of the above are challenges in GHG
12. Which of the following is an example of a multilateral organization working in global public
health?
a) USAID
b) DfID
c) CIDA
d) WHO
e) All of the above
13. Which of the following is an example of a bilateral organization working in global public health?
a) UNICEF
b) CDC
c) Public Health Agency Canada
d) USAID
e) All of the above
14. Which of the following is an example of a non-governmental organization (NGO) working in
global public health?
a) Doctors Without Borders
b) Save the Children
c) Oxfam
d) All of the above
e) None of the above
15. Which of the following is NOT a global health threat according to WHO in 2019?
a) Air pollution and climate change
b) Non-communicable diseases
c) Threat of a global influenza pandemic
d) Malnutrition
e) All of the above are global health threats
16. Which of the following is NOT one of WHO’s seven priority areas in global health?
a) Investing in health to reduce poverty
b) Building individual and global health security
c) Promoting universal coverage, gender equality, and health-related human rights
d) Eradicating all infectious diseases
e) Strengthening health systems and equitable access
17. Which of the following is NOT a step in the policy development lifecycle?
a) Identify the issue
b) Agenda setting
c) Policy adoption
d) Policy implementation
e) All of the above are steps in the policy development lifecycle
18. Which of the following is NOT a key point to remember for research issues in policy
development?
a) High quality, locally applicable research
b) Timeliness of the research findings
c) Use of systematic reviews
d) Focus on a single research study
e) All of the above are key points to remember
19. Which of the following is NOT a requirement for policy enforcement?
a) Allocation of public and private resources
b) Government and civil society leaders’ support
c) Laws and executive orders
d) A supportive policy environment
e) All of the above are requirements for policy enforcement
20. Which of the following is NOT a policy instrument?
a) Interest rates
b) Tax rates
c) Legislations
d) Wages
e) All of the above are policy instruments
21. What is the purpose of a policy brief?
a) To provide detailed information on a policy
b) To summarize research findings
c) To convince the target audience about the need to address a problem
d) To outline the steps of policy implementation
e) To evaluate the effectiveness of a policy
22. Who is the most common audience for a policy brief?
a) Researchers
b) General public
c) Healthcare professionals
d) Decision-makers
e) Media
23. What is the purpose of a press release in policy development?
a) To evaluate the effectiveness of a policy
b) To provide legal advice on policy implementation
c) To sensitize journalists on a particular theme
d) To gather feedback from stakeholders
e) To outline the rationale for choosing a policy
24. Which of the following is NOT a health sector challenge in Pakistan?
a) Weak governance
b) Insufficient funding
c) High literacy rate
d) Healthcare staffing shortages
e) Less focus on preventive health
25. Which of the following is NOT a population-level challenge in the health sector in Pakistan?
a) Holistic approach to health missing
b) High prices in the private sector
c) Lack of access to technology in rural areas
d) Overabundance of healthcare staff at PHC level
e) Poor health literacy
26. What were the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?
a) A set of eight goals to reduce global poverty by at least half by 2015.
b) A set of 17 goals to eradicate poverty, protect the environment, and promote well-being for
all by 2030.
c) A set of guidelines for international health regulations.
d) A framework for evaluating health systems in different countries.
e) A global initiative to combat antimicrobial resistance.
27. Which of the following was NOT one of the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?
a) Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
b) Achieve universal primary education
c) Promote gender equality and empower women
d) Reduce child mortality
e) Ensure sustainable economic growth
28. Which of the following is NOT a key factor behind the failure to achieve the MDGs in Pakistan?
a) Devolution with changes in administration and financial systems
b) Insufficient interprovincial coordination
c) Inadequate healthcare expenditure
d) Strong governance and effective regulation
e) Human resource crises
29. Which of the following is NOT a global challenge related to population size and demography?
a) Disparities in wealth
b) Environmental challenges
c) Infrastructure challenges
d) Decreasing global ecological footprint
e) Climate change impacts
30. What is extreme poverty defined as?
a) Living below $1.90 a day
b) Living below $3.20 a day
c) Living below $5.50 a day
d) Living below $7.40 a day
e) Living below $10 a day
31. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of rural poverty?
a) Mostly farmers in rural areas
b) Modern infrastructure is scarce
c) The environment is arid
d) Subsistence farming is the source of earning
e) Access to modern utilities like electricity and sanitation
32. Which of the following is an indicator of health disparity and extreme poverty?
a) Maternal mortality rate
b) Infant mortality rate
c) Neonatal mortality rate
d) Under-five mortality rate
e) Life expectancy
33. What was the main focus of the Pearson Commission on International Development (1970)?
a) Climate change and its impact on health
b) The relationship between health and education
c) Tackling structural issues causing underdevelopment globally
d) Promoting gender equality in developing countries
e) Evaluating the effectiveness of international health regulations
34. Which of the following is NOT a key point from the Rio Conference (Earth Summit) in 1992?
a) People are entitled to live healthy and productive lives in harmony with nature.
b) States will enact environmental legislation.
c) The polluter pays principle is encouraged.
d) The focus was on economic growth at all costs.
e) The conference emphasized environmental sustainability and sustainable development.
35. What is the main goal of the Kyoto Protocol?
a) To promote sustainable urbanization and smart cities.
b) To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger by 2030.
c) To ensure universal health coverage and reduce global health disparities.
d) To address global warming and climate change by setting targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
e) To establish a global partnership for development and promote international cooperation.